two activities: knowledge search and knowledge deployment. We predict theoretically that domestic firms have advantages … when they search for knowledge due to their embeddedness in the host country. However, this increased embeddedness reduces … the degree of novelty of their knowledge pool. Foreign MNC subsidiaries therefore have advantages in knowledge deployment …

International knowledge spillovers, especially through multinational companies (MNCs), have recently been a major topic … of discussion among academics and practitioners. Most research in this field focuses on knowledge sharing activities of … MNC subsidiaries. Relatively little is known about their capabilities for protecting valuable knowledge from spilling over …

Searching for externally available knowledge has been characterised as a vital part of the innovation process. Previous … European countries we find that search patterns in low-technology industries focus on market knowledge while they are built …