We argue that the demand for healthcare services can be better explained by individual need based variables rather than by macro variables such as the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita and the share of public healthcare expenditures. This study introduces a self-rated health variable...

This study examines the effects of the reduced transaction costs on the price behaviours in the second half of the nineteenth century, where declines in transaction costs were mainly caused by railroad development during this period. It employs a panel test introduced by Levin and Lin (1992) on...

This study tests the PPP hypothesis for transition economies by using a panel approach. The results show that PPP holds for transition economies suggesting a half-life convergence of about one year. This study also compares the convergence rates for 'less open' and 'more open' transition...