We document market anticipation of merger bids and show that less anticipated bids earn significantly higher announcement returns. Subsequent bidders in the industry experience significant and positive abnormal returns around the time of initial industry bid announcements. These results suggest...

We document market anticipation of merger bids and that less anticipated bids earn significantly higher announcement returns. Subsequent bidders experience significant and positive returns surrounding initial industry bid announcements. These results suggest that announcement period returns...

This paper develops and tests the anticipation hypothesis as applied to a bidding firm’s returns and the returns of its rivals. Our results provide strong support for anticipation and the transfer of subsequent bidding information throughout a bidder’s industry. First, the abnormal returns...

This paper documents a dramatic difference in the abnormal announcement period returns of the first bidder to announce an acquisition attempt in a particular industry. Typical of the literature, the set of all bidders in our sample earn abnormal returns indistinguishable from zero. However,...

This paper examines the relation between managerial ownership and the probability of being a target firm, and the impact of managerial ownership on target shareholder returns. The paper finds that targets have lower managerial ownership than either their industry counterparts or randomly...

This paper presents evidence that the distribution of target ownership is related to the division of the takeover gain between the target and the bidder for a sample of successful tender offers. In the whole sample, the target's gain is negatively related to bidder and institutional ownership....