Purpose: The authors aim to discuss the impact of research and development (R&D) internationalization on emerging market enterprises' (EMNEs') innovation efficiency, as well as the moderating effects of top management team (TMT) human capital. Design/methodology/approach: The authors...

Purpose: Based on the socioemotional wealth theory, this study aims to empirically investigate how founder reign, that is a founder serving as a cheif executive officer (CEO) or chairman, influences family firms' research and development (R&D) investment in emerging...

Research based on the behavioral theory of the firm (BTOF) argues that firms will actively adopt strategic actions to respond to performance that falls below aspirations, that is performance shortfalls. However, most previous studies have focused on market-related strategic actions, paying less...