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We investigate the causal effect of the asymmetric criminalization of prostitution on sex tourism. We exploit legal reforms in five countries that switched from systems where prostitution was legal (Norway, Sweden, Ireland, Canada), or where only buying sex was legal (France), to the "Nordic...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014425843
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10003880303
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, it is often regulated. In this paper, we first present results from a survey on the regulation of joint bidding in … European public procurement, documenting how the existence and the type of regulation differ across countries, and that …-where present-regulation is often related to the ability of an individual firm to be admitted as a solo bidder. Borrowing from the …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013152636
Modern antitrust engenders a possible conflict between public and private enforcement due to the central role of Leniency Programs. Damage actions may reduce the attractiveness of Leniency Programs for cartel participants if their cooperation with the competition authority increases the chance...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011168913
Modern antitrust engenders a possible conflict between public and private enforcement due to the central role of Leniency Programs. Damage actions may reduce the attractiveness of Leniency Programs for cartel participants if their cooperation with the competition authority increases the chance...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012110659
Leniency programmes (or policies) reduce sanctions against cartel members that self-report to the Antitrust Authority. We focus on their ability to directly deter cartels and analogous criminal organizations by undermining internal trust, increasing individual incentives to ‘cheat’ on...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005136696
The paper reviews the recent evolution of leniency programs for cartels in the US and EU, surveys their theoretical economic analyses, and discusses the empirical and experimental evidence available, also looking briefly at related experiences of rewarding whistleblowers in other fields of law...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005662235
Modern antitrust engenders a possible conflict between public and private enforcement due to the central role of Leniency Programs. Damage actions may reduce the attractiveness of Leniency Programs for cartel participants if their cooperation with the competition authority increases the chance...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014137919
We revisit the pros and cons of cartel criminalization with focus on its possible introduction in the EU. We document a recent phenomenon that we name EU ``leniency inflation", whereby leniency has been increasingly awarded to many, and sometimes all members of a cartel. We argue that, coupled...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013221273