and security of the payment system as two of its policy initiatives. End-to-end in this context means that for the first … the simulated improvements in speed and in security on the adoption of the payment instruments considered, and, second …

The Federal Reserve named improvements in the speed and security of the payment system as two of its policy initiatives … estimate how various aspects of speed and security influence consumers' decisions to adopt and use payment instruments. Some … aspects of speed and security have a statistically significant influence on the adoption and use of selected payment …