Based on a newly constructed multi-country input-output table including all European countries, we estimate the economic effects of the EU accession countries entering the 'Stabilisation and Association Agreement' (SAA) with the EU and the potential effects of joining the European Single Market...

This paper employs a quantitative trade model to globally assess the implications of the EU carbon border adjustment mechanism (CBAM) on trade flows, welfare, real wages and CO2 emissions. We quantify the general equilibrium effects on EU members and non-members under various carbon tax prices,...

Until 2012, the Central Bank of Iran (CBI) used its policy rate to stabilise the rial's exchange rate and, given a persistent current-account surplus, had accumulated sizeable currency reserves. In 2012, however, international sanctions against Iran intensified and the value of the rial halved...

Abstract In this paper, we examine the relevance of non-tariff measures (NTMs) at the 6-digit level of the Harmonised System over the period 2002-2011 by estimating ad valorem equivalents. We draw on information of NTMs notified to the WTO from the Integrated Trade Intelligence Portal (I-TIP),...

Trade negotiations between the European Union, on the one hand, and the United States and Canada, on the other, have raised concerns of European consumers fearing food safety issues. Trade dispute settlements between these countries on food imports to the EU and remedies against the European...

Based on the 'Prebisch–Singer' hypothesis, a strand of literature has emerged that focuses on the phenomenon of commoditisation and 'commodity traps' in development. Following Kaplinsky (2006), we revisit the hypothesis on a country's terms of trade in manufacturing exports and imports....

In this paper we attempt to quantify the incidence of different types of technical barriers to trade (TBTs) on trade structures between seven Central and Eastern European countries (Hungary, Poland, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Slovenia, Bulgaria, and Romania) and the European Union at the...

The global trade slowdown and the public resistance against attempts to stimulate trade through mega-regional trade deals are placing the role of non-tariff measures (NTMs) in the limelight of public discussions. In this paper, we examine the question how different types of non-tariff measures...

The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), a vision to revive the ancient 'Silk Road' by means of massive infrastructure investments throughout Eurasia and Africa, was first presented by China's President Xi Jinping in 2013. China has identified the region of Central East and Southeast Europe (CESEE)...