Using exogenous deposit windfalls from oil and natural gas shale discoveries, we demonstrate that bank branch networks … help integrate U.S. lending markets. We find that banks exposed to shale booms increase their mortgage lending in non …

We analyze bank supply of credit under the Paycheck Protection Program (PPP). The literature emphasizes relationships … supply reflects traditional measures of relationship lending: decreasing in bank size; increasing in prior experience, in … commitment lending, and in core deposits. Our results suggest a new benefit of bank relationships, as they help firms access …

This paper shows that securitization reduces the influence of bank financial condition on loan supply. Low-cost funding … and increased balance-sheet liquidity raise bank willingness to approve mortgages that are hard to sell (jumbo mortgages … the mortgage secondary market fostered by securitization has reduced the impact of local funding shocks on credit supply …

This paper shows that securitization reduces the influence of bank financial condition on loan supply. Low-cost funding … and increased balance-sheet liquidity raise bank willingness to approve mortgages that are hard to sell (jumbo mortgages … the mortgage secondary market fostered by securitization has reduced the impact of local funding shocks on credit supply …

increased credit to unaffected parts of the conforming-mortgage market. Banks responded by reallocating provision of speculative … mortgage credit across their local markets, which in turn affected their provision of small business credit. These adjustments …

-shock bank capital, explain why banks were able to accommodate these liquidity demands …