Though overall bank performance from July 2007 to December 2008 was the worst since the Great Depression, there is …-term capital market funding. The better-performing banks had less leverage and lower returns immediately before the crisis …, except that large banks from countries with more restrictions on bank activities performed better and decreased loans less …

uneven playing field enables non-bank FinTech firms to challenge banks for specific products whose success is not tied to …

From 1963 through 2015, idiosyncratic risk (IR) is high when market risk (MR) is high. We show that the positive … relation has roots in fundamentals as higher market risk predicts greater idiosyncratic earnings volatility and as firm …