This paper empirically explores Japanese child-bearing households’ choices of childbirth months and the problem of children waiting for available childcare services, which can hinder the continued employment of women. We estimate the effect of the ratio of children waiting for childcare...

This study examines how rising interprovincial migration with diverse education backgrounds affects new human capital formation in China in the 1990s. Consistently with a simple model of migration-oriented investment and disinvestment in higher education, we identify that gross outflow migration...