We distinguish between local problems of biodiversity loss and global ones, where international cooperation is required. Global biodiversity regulation involves choosing the optimal stopping rule regarding global land conversions, in order to ensure that some areas of unconverted natural...

We present the first evidence of motivation crowding in real purchasing decisions from a field experiment in a large supermarket chain. We compare three instruments aiming to induce climate friendly choices: labels, subsidies, and product bans and neutrally framed versions of the latter two....