We analyze how trade openness matters for interstate conflict over productive resources. Our analysis features a terms-of-trade … channel that makes security policies trade-regime dependent. Specifically, trade between two adversaries reduces each one …, greater trade openness brings with it a reduction in resources diverted to conflict and thus wasted, as well as the familiar …

Using a new, global data base covering the years 1950 to 2015, we study the impact of sanctions on international trade … but also widely heterogeneous across sanctioning countries. Moreover, they depend on the direction of trade. We also …

We augment the canonical neoclassical model of trade to allow for interstate disputes over land, oil, water, or other … resources. The costs of such disputes in terms of arming depend on the trade regime in place. Under either autarky or free trade …, the larger country (in terms of factor endowments) need not to be more powerful. Yet, under free trade, there is a …

. Owing to this linkage, trade cost reductions induce cartel members to adjust their sales, not only due to direct effects …, but also due to spillover effects related to cartel discipline. We apply these ideas to preferential trade agreements … (PTAs) and show that the indirect effects can give rise to trade diversion. We also characterize the welfare effects of …

this paper, we examine how international trade regimes affect the costs of conflict and, in turn, how the desirability of … international trade is affected by these costs. We consider both domestic and international conflict. Trade openness reduces the …. For countries that export such goods, trade openness intensifies conflict. The effect of conflict on the allocation of …

international trade and can be destructive; however, once a winner is declared, arming is unnecessary in future periods. By contrast …, a peaceful resolution avoids destruction and supports mutually advantageous trade; yet, settlements must be renegotiated … initial distribution of resource endowments, greater gains from trade can reduce arming and pacify international tensions …

trade. We also obtain estimates of the effects on trade of the 2014 sanctions on Russia, …

by hindering the R&D effort of challengers. The model generates intra-sectoral trade, multinationals, and international … country's relative skill abundance and the ranking of skill intensities between RPAs and R&D services. Trade openness between …

We build a model of tacit collusion between firms that operate in multiple markets to study the effects of trade costs … strategically linked via the incentive compatibility constraint. Importantly, trade costs affect cartel shipments and welfare not … only directly but also indirectly through discipline. Using extensive data on international cartels, we find that trade …

Capitalizing on the latest developments in the gravity literature, we utilize two new datasets on sanctions and trade … to study the impact of economic sanctions on international trade in the mining sector, which includes oil and natural gas …. We demonstrate that the gravity equation is well suited to model bilateral trade in mining and find that sanctions have …