We empirically investigate the nonstationarity property of the USD–JPY exchange rate by using a high frequency data set spanning 8years. We perform a statistical test of strict stationarity based on the two-sample Kolmogorov–Smirnov test for the absolute price changes, and Pearson's chi...

Using tick-by-tick data for the dollar--yen and euro--dollar exchange rates recorded on the actual transaction platform, a ‘run’—continuous increases or decreases in deal prices for the past several ticks—does have some predictable information on the direction of the next price movement....

Using the "firm" quotes obtained from the tick-by-tick EBS (electronic broking system that is a major trading platform for foreign exchanges) data, it is found that risk-free arbitrage opportunities--free lunch--do occur in the foreign exchange markets, but it typically last only a few seconds....