The response to COVID-19 as a public health emergency has raised questions about preparedness against future pandemics. The United States Strategic National Stockpile (SNS) with medically critical items such as ventilators and personal protection equipment for major public health emergencies...

Consider a retailer announces both the regular price and the post-season clearance price at the beginning of the selling season. Throughout the season, customers arrive in accord with a Poisson process. In this paper we analyze the impact of two types of customer purchasing behavior and two...