relatively high gender gaps at the primary and secondary levels in both years. In 1994, Egypt, Iran, Morocco, Oman and Turkey had … gender gaps that were significantly high in comparison with international experience. These results were found to be … of the low-literacy MENA countries tended to improve for total enrollments and for the gender gap at each school level …

controlled for the observed characteristics and sample selection, for men, covered sector wages are at least twice as higher than … uncovered sector wages at all levels of experience and education. This is true with some caveat for women also. This large … differential in wages can be taken as an indication of labor market segmentation between the covered and uncovered wage earners …

finding is that when controlled for observed characteristics and sample selection, for men, the wages of the vocational high … private rates of return to schooling, unemployment rates and wages favor vocational high schools than general high schools …

differentials between sectors by gender and between men and women by sector are carried out. Results indicate that when controlled … for observed characteristics and sample selection, for men, public administration wages are higher than private sector … wages except at the university level where the wages are at par. State owned enterprise wages for men are higher than …