This document is the technical annex to the full paper "Implicit Tariffs on Imported Dairy Product Components in the United States" which is available separately.

A methodology for dairy product component tariff and price calculation is developed and applied to various products. Since the majority of dairy products are imported for their ingredients, component tariffs need to be considered in evaluating the protection provided by the tariff structure...

The majority of the dairy products imported by the United States are intermediate products used in food processing. As such, they are demanded for their components such as milk fat and protein. The implications of the U.S. tariff structure for import demand must be viewed in terms of the...

Global trade system is witnessing an unprecedented increase in food safety and quality standards. Changes in the structure of the world trade affect the welfare of farmers and consumers, destinations of exports, and the dynamics behind the exporters compliance decisions with these non-tariff...