There has been a recent tendency to extol tradeable or marketable pollution permits or similar permits to use or exploit some natural resources, such as fish. They are often seen as a very effective way of maintaining environmental conditions in a desired way. However, considerable care is...

Provides a sketch of Bangladesh’s socio-economic performance in the light of the UN’s Millennium Development Goals. After providing some background on these goals and on Bangladesh, this article considers trends in the incidence of poverty and hunger in Bangladesh, access to education and...

Discusses the implications of the economic valuation of natural resources used for tourism and relates this valuation to the concept of total economic valuation. It demonstrates how applications of the concept of total economic valuation can be supportive of the conservation of natural resources...

This overview is divided into two main sections. The first sections reviews the literature on the impact of economic globalisation (involving of liberalisation of international trade and investment) on the state of the environment and sustainable development. While the WTO and Bretton Woods...

This paper begins by distinguishing open-access resources from common-property resources, the use of which is subject to communal rules. In practice, it is suggested that these cases are the outcomes of a spectrum of property rights. The standard economic theory of the use of open-access...

It is widely believed that in developing countries, open-access to natural resources, inadequate private property rights, and lack of development of market systems adds to the incidence of poverty. Increased economic efficiency is seen as a powerful force for reducing the extent of poverty in...

Growing economic globalisation by extending the operation of markets is a two-edged sword as far as nature conservation is concerned. In some circumstances, it threatens the conservation of nature and in other cases, it provides economic incentives that foster the conservation of biodiversity....

This is a draft chapter for K. Hartley and C. Tisdell, Microeconomic Policy, Second Edition. It is designed to illustrate how microeconomics can be applied to the analysis of issues involving the environment and the availability of natural resources and policies to address these issues. It...

In recent years, growing economic globalisation has been accompanied by rising social support for market systems as a means of managing resource-use. In turn, the free market movement considers definite and secure property rights (especially private rights and, sometimes, communal rights) in...