Improvement of Regional Economic Structures program (GRW) with their local banks during 1998-2019. The modalities of GRW subsidies … to firms are determined at the EU level. Therefore, we use it to identify bank outcomes. Banks with relationships to more …, borrow more indicating that banks facilitate regional economic development policies …

public finances. Regimes for restructuring and restoring banks financed by bank levies and fiscal backstops seek to reduce … tax exemptions. Second, the bulk of the payments were contributed by large commercial banks and the head institutes of … savings banks and credit unions. Third, the levy had no effect on the volume of loans or interest rates for the average German …

for public finances. Regimes for the restructuring and resolution of banks, financed by bank levies and fiscal backstops … rates and high thresholds for tax exemptions. Second, the bulk of the payments were contributed by large commercial banks … and by the central institutions of savings banks and credit unions. Third, for the banks affected by the levy, we find …

2014, the largest banks in the Euro Area are under the direct supervision of the European Central Bank (ECB). In this … listed European banks to measure each bank's contribution to systemic risk (SRISK) at the national and at the Euro Area level … heterogeneity both across countries and banks. Second, we explore the drivers of systemic risk. A bank s contribution to systemic …

Regulatory bank levies set incentives for banks to reduce leverage. At the same time, corporate income taxation makes … on corporate income taxation. Based on bank balance sheet data from 2006 to 2014 for a panel of EU-banks, our analysis …