This paper describes approaches to the measurement and explanation of income-related inequality and inequity in health … care financing, health care utilization and health and considers the applicability and the feasibility of these methods in … structure of health finance in low-income countries, in particular the heavy reliance on out-of-pocket payments, means that the …

Reliance on self-rated health to proxy medical need can bias estimation of education-related inequity in health care … utilisation. We correct this bias both by instrumenting self-rated health with objective health indicators and by purging self …-rated health of reporting heterogeneity identified from health vignettes. Using data on elderly Europeans, we find that …

reform that permitted Dutch health insurers and hospitals to freely negotiate prices for elective procedures. Unlike previous …

Heterogeneity in reporting of health by socio-economic and demographic characteristics potentially biases the … measurement of health disparities. We use anchoring vignettes to identify socio-demographic differences in the reporting of health … heterogeneity tends to reduce slightly estimated disparities in health by education (not China) and to increase those by income. But …