Many writers have claimed that R&D has two 'faces'. In addition to the conventional role of stimulating innovation, R … important in this catch up process as well as stimulating innovation directly. Trade, by contrast, plays a more modest role in …

Many writers have claimed that R&D has two 'faces'. In addition to the conventional role of stimulating innovation, R … important in this catch up process as well as stimulating innovation directly. Trade, by contrast, plays a more modest role in …

industry-level data. R&D affects both innovation and the assimilation of others’ discoveries (‘absorptive capacity’). Long …

role for R&D in innovation and technology transfer (absorptive capacity). The analysis suggests that many existing studies …