violence in nineteenth-century Colombia was a technology for political elites to compete for the rents from power, and that … of violent civil conflict in nineteenth-century Colombia. Empirically studying the relationship between democracy and … political institutions and violence are jointly determined. We take advantage of an experiment of history to examine the impact …

since Colombia's independence 200 years ago. It argues that the reforms often failed to curb violence and sometimes even …Colombia is a Latin American outlier in that it has traditionally been a very violent country, yet at the same time … remarkably democratic. This chapter explores Colombia's puzzle from a political economy perspective, shedding light on the …