We study the process of how firms access basic research and translate this into applied research. Drawing on basic research, firms develop higher quality technologies and develop these technologies more intensely internally. Critical in this process are boundary crossing inventors - inventors...

This paper analyzes the choice between different external technology sourcing activities of a firm. On the one hand, the firm can acquire new technology which is embodied in personnel. On the other hand, the firm can obtain new technology disembodied through a licensing agreement or by...

Different aspects of external information flows have typically been lumped together under the name "spillovers". We attempt to refine our understanding of external information flows through the construction of firm-specific measures of incoming spillovers and appropriability from survey data on...

Successful innovation depends on the development and integration of new knowledge in the innovation process. In order to successfully innovate, the firm will combine different innovation activities. In addition to doing own research and development, firms typically are engaged in the acquisition...

The use of FDI as a channel of international spillovers is by now fairly established in the empirical literature on innovation and growth. It is often argued that subsidiaries of foreign MNEs are a mechanism through which technological know-how flows across borders. For foreign subsidiaries to...

This paper examines the diversity of linkages of firms to science and their effect on innovation performance for a sample of Belgian firms (CIS-3). While at the sectoral level links to science are highly related to the R&D intensity of the sector, we show that there is considerable heterogeneity...

While the impact of M&A on R&D and innovation examined at the aggregate level left inconclusive evidence, we find that at the level of the R&D process both the technological and the market relatedness between the target and the acquirer are helpful dimensions to identify effects. Using...