COVID-19 disrupted the circular flow of income, which illustrates the flow of goods and money between households, businesses, and governments. The pandemic has caused significant disruptions, including reduced consumer spending, business closures, and decreased government revenue, leading to...

The COVID-19 disruption, the fast-shifting business climate, and the complexity of the supply network all have the potential to produce unanticipated interruptions, expose supply chains to financial losses, and in the worst situations, result in the closure of an entire company. To ensure...

In the Philippines, the Tax Reform for Acceleration and Inclusion (TRAIN) Law represents a significant government intervention in the economic mechanism via tax reform. This paper concisely summarizes the government's intervention and its repercussions under the TRAIN Act. The literature review...

The COVID-19 disruption, the fast-shifting business climate, and the complexity of the supply network all have the potential to produce unanticipated interruptions, expose supply chains to financial losses, and in the worst situations, result in the closure of an entire company. To ensure...

The nature of the COVID-19 recession deviates from the norm. Typically, falling inflation and output necessitate monetary policy easing. Nonetheless, the pandemic recession is a result of endogenous reactions as well as administrative policy measures aimed at limiting social and economic...

The fluctuating foreign currency rate affects numerous economic problems, and the government is looking at it as one of the variables that cause the fluctuation of the Philippine balance of payments. Other factors include the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth rate, interest rates, and...

This study examines the dynamics of foreign direct investment (FDI) in the Philippines and the role of government policies, risks, and benefits in fostering economic growth and development. The research finds that government policies play a crucial role in attracting FDI, with the Philippine...

This literature study uses the PRISMA technique to examine the two-sector economy model of the circular flow of income. It sought to explore the circular flow of income in a two-sector economy, explain the circular flow of income in the Product and Resource markets, and determine the...

The circular flow model illustrates the flow of monetary transactions within a given society. Money flow in an economy is characterized by transferring funds from producers to workers in wages, which subsequently circulate back to producers as payment for goods and services. Results show that an...

Recognizing the importance of market structure is essential for businesses, policymakers, and consumers, as it can affect market outcomes and welfare. There are few local publications the researcher also looked at research conducted in other countries and the Philippines. The primary objective...