-parametric test for first order stochastic dominance it is shown that, in line with this hypothesis, the productivity distribution of …, therefore, seems to be useful to guide empirical work on the relation between exports, R&D and productivity for services firms …, too. -- Exports ; R&D ; productivity ; business services firms ; Germany …

size, productivity, and human capital intensity) and unobserved time-invariant firm characteristics are controlled for …

-exporters. However, many firms from the lower end of the productivity distribution are exporters. Germany is a case in point. A recent … study reports that these low-productivity exporters are not marginal exporters defined according to the share of exports in … exports is much higher among exporters from the lower end of the productivity distribution than among highly productive …

-parametric test for first order stochastic dominance it is shown that, in line with this hypothesis, the productivity distribution of … productivity. …

age and gender) and its performance (productivity and profitability) for a large representative sample of enterprises from … manufacturing industries in Germany using newly available, unique data. We find concave age-productivity profiles and a negative … paribus lower level of productivity in firms with a higher share of female employees does not go hand in hand with a lower …