A recent survey found that 40 per cent of vessels arrive later than planned, so demand uncertainty is a salient feature of port terminal activity. Terminals facing greater demand uncertainty and that wish to cater for this will incur extra costs to avoid the risk that shipping companies replace...

Decentralization of the public health system should lead to health resources being managed more in line with citizens’ preferences. A decentralized system is more flexible in that it can better adapt resources to local needs. Moreover, if regional political parties have responsibility for...

The literature to date on the effect of demand uncertainty on public hospital costs and excess capacity has not taken into account the role of expense preference behaviour. Similarly, the research on expense preference behaviour has not taken demand uncertainty into account. In this paper, we...