Recent studies document that market participants react positively to the positive language sentiment or tone embedded in financial disclosures, and that investors' reactions to negative news are more muted with poor disclosure readability. However, while language sentiment and readability...

We conduct an experiment to examine how repeated exposure to earnings notifications and notification checking mode affect investors' reactions to managers' strategic positive emphasis in the title of a disclosure when firm performance is mixed. We find that a title with (versus without) a...