Knowledge is one of the fundamental cognitive objects in the brain among those of data, information, and intelligence. Knowledge can be classified into two main categories, i.e., conceptual knowledge for knowing to-be and behavioral knowledge for knowing to-do, particularly the former. This...

Knowledge learning is the sixth and the most fundamental category of machine learning mimicking the brain. It is recognized that the semantic space of machine knowledge is a hierarchical concept network (HCN), which can be rigorously represented by formal concepts in concept algebra and semantic...

Cognitive knowledge learning (CKL) is a fundamental methodology for cognitive robots and machine learning. Traditional technologies for machine learning deal with object identification, cluster classification, pattern recognition, functional regression and behavior acquisition. A new category of...