China’s policy-makers argued that WTO accession and the accompanying trade liberalization would have a beneficial … impact on the domestic economy. China’s import tariffs differed tremendously across industry in the earlier years, but …

firms in China over 2004-2007, we find that foreign affiliates from countries with a more gender-equal culture tend to … raises China's aggregate total factor productivity by 5%, of which spillovers from multinationals account for 19%. …