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Entrepreneurship in the Informal Economy : Commercial or Social Entrepreneurs?

Williams, Colin - 2015

in Moscow in Russia, the finding is that such entrepreneurs are not purely commercially driven. Examining their …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013009942

Spatial Variations in the Character of Off-the-Books Entrepreneurship : Lessons from a Study of Contrasting Districts in Moscow

Williams, Colin; Round, John - 2014

Although there is growing recognition that many entrepreneurs start-up trading partially or wholly off-the-books, few have evaluated whether the character of this hidden enterprise culture varies spatially. To begin to do so, this paper evaluates whether and how the nature of off-the-books...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014038703

Beyond Necessity-Driven versus Opportunity-Driven Entrepreneurship : A Study of Informal Entrepreneurs in England, Russia and Ukraine

Williams, Colin - 2013

data is reported from England, Ukraine and Russia on the motives of a specific group of entrepreneurs, namely those …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013079420

Beyond Necessity-Driven versus Opportunity-Driven Entrepreneurship : A Study of Informal Entrepreneurs in England, Russia and Ukraine

Williams, Colin - 2013

data is reported from England, Ukraine and Russia on the motives of a specific group of entrepreneurs, namely those …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013079728

Facilitating the formalisation of entrepreneurs in the informal economy : towards a varuegated policy approach

Williams, Colin; Nadin, Sara J. - In: Journal of entrepreneurship and public policy : JEPP 3 (2014) 1, pp. 33-48

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010373753

Out of the Shadows : A Classification of Economies by the Size and Character of Their Informal Sector

Williams, Colin - 2015

Given that 60 per cent of the global workforce is in the informal sector, this article develops a typology that classifies economies according to, firstly, where different countries sit on a continuum of informalization and, secondly, the character of their informal sectors. This is then applied...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013009469

Small Business and the Informal Economy : Evidence from the UK

Williams, Colin - 2015

Purpose – The magnitude of the informal economy has been estimated using either indirect measurement methods that employ proxy indicators or small-scale household surveys. This paper seeks to provide an analysis of the findings of the first direct survey in an advanced market economy of...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013009515

Entrepreneurs Operating in the Informal Economy : Necessity or Opportunity Driven?

Williams, Colin - 2015

To evaluate the validity of distinguishing between opportunity and necessity entrepreneurship, this paper investigates the motives of entrepreneurs who conduct some or all of their transactions on an off-the-books basis. Reporting empirical evidence from England on the motives of such...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013009593

Combating Informal Employment in Latin America : A Critical Evaluation of the Neo-Liberal Policy Approach

Williams, Colin - 2015

taxes, public sector corruption and too much state interference in the free market and that the consequent remedy is to … reduce taxes, public sector corruption and the regulatory burden via minimal state intervention. Reporting International …-liberal tenets that higher tax rates, greater levels of corruption and state interference are correlated with higher levels of …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013009694

Evaluating the Gender Variations in Informal Sector Entrepreneurship : Some Lessons from Brazil

Williams, Colin - 2015

The aim of this paper is to evaluate critically the gender variations in informal sector entrepreneurship. Until now, a widely-held belief has been that entrepreneurs operating in the informal sector in developing nations are lowly paid, poorly educated, marginalized populations doing so out of...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013009695