In FTC v. Actavis, Inc. the Supreme Court asked whether a patent settlement agreement involving a so-called “reverse payment” from a patent holder to an alleged infringer of a pharmaceutical patent “can sometimes unreasonably diminish competition in violation of the antitrust laws.”...

The Staggers Rail Act of 1980 made a substantial break from an almost century-old policy of pervasively regulating the prices for freight rail services provided in the United States. In particular, rather than regulators establishing prices, Staggers permits shippers and railroads to voluntarily...

In September 2016, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit issued a decision that recognized and applied important economic principles concerning the antitrust analysis of single-firm conduct in two-sided markets. The Second Circuit reversed a February 2015 decision of the U.S. District...

Christie and Schultz (Camp;S) and Christie, Harris and Schultz (CHamp;S) suggest that Nasdaq dealers might tacitly collude to maintain wide bid-ask spreads. Each of the steps by which they reach their conclusions is wrong or misleading. (i) The inference of collusion that widens Nasdaq spreads,...

The paper investigates the strength of innovation-driven employment growth, the role of competition in stimulating and facilitating it, and whether it is inclusive. In a sample of more than 26,000 manufacturing establishments across 71 countries (both OECD and developing), the authors find that...

This paper is a study of the effect of Brazil's staggered Internet rollout between 2000 and 2014 on municipality employment and wages. The study uses a new, annual data set on Internet availability from the Brazil school census, with the assumption that the share of schools that have Internet...