In China, regional disparities are important. We examine the difference in the sensitivity of investment to cash flow … that firms in inland regions rely more on their internal funds in terms of their investment activities than those in …

regions in Japan. 803 SMEs answered this questionnaire. We asked 53 questions, including firm’s current business condition …

government and financial industry have developed collective investment schemes such as investment trusts, which are an effective … way to hold risky assets for retail investors who lack sophisticated investment knowledge. This paper analyzes commodity … investment trusts and commodity ETFs as a method for investing in commodities. …

than a flow of funds, public involvement in finance in the U.S. may be greater than in Japan. Concerning the privileged … government enterprise theory, it is true that Japan Post has privileges (e.g., the exemption of taxes as current expenses), but … Japan Post and the conditions of government enterprise for competition are almost equalized with the private sector, On the …

This paper analyzes commodity investment trusts and commodity ETFs as a method for investing in commodities, which are …

In the fall of 1998, two important financial regulatory reform acts were passed in Japan. The first of these acts, the …