Rapidly growing numbers of empirical papers assessing the financial effects of COVID-19 pandemic triggered an urgent need for a study summarising the existing knowledge of contagion phenomenon. This paper provides a review of conceptual approaches to studying financial contagion at four levels...

The annual electricity consumption of cryptocurrency transactions has grown substantially in recent years, partially driven by the increasing difficulty in mining, but also driven by the large number of new market participants that have been attracted by the elevated prices of this developing...

This paper examines the relationship between news coverage and Bitcoin returns. Previous studies have provided evidence to suggest that macroeconomic news affects stock returns, commodity prices, and interest rates. We construct a sentiment index based on news stories that follow the...

This article provides a review of the academic literature on the financial economics of silver, platinum and palladium. The survey covers the findings on a wide variety of topics relation to the White Precious Metals including Market Efficiency, Forecastability, Behavioral Findings,...

We examine the degree of integration of the global steam coal market. Using a variety of measures, we show that the Australian market remains the dominant force in setting world coal prices, followed by Mozambique and South Africa. We find little evidence of asymmetric price and volatility...

We examine the response of a broad set of digital assets to US Federal Fund interest rate and quantitative easing announcements, specifically examining associated volatility spillover and feedback effects. We classify each digital asset into one of three categories: Currencies; Protocols; and...

We examine the existence and dates of pricing bubbles in Bitcoin and Ethereum, two popular cryptocurrencies using the Phillips et al. (2011) methodology. In contrast to previous papers, we examine the fundamental drivers of the price. Having derived ratios that are economically and...

We analyse, in the time and frequency domains, the relationships between three popular cryptocurrencies and a variety of other financial assets. We find evidence of the relative isolation of these assets from the financial and economic assets. Our results show that cryptocurrencies may offer...

Annual electricity consumption for cryptocurrency mining is growing yearly, driven by the increasing difficulty in mining. Total carbon production from mining now likely exceeds that generated by the entire nation of Portugal. This is a feature, not a bug, in cryptocurrencies. This paper...

This paper provides a systematic review of the empirical literature on the major topics that have been associated with the market for cryptocurrencies since their development as a financial asset in 2009. Despite astonishing price appreciation in recent years, cryptocurrencies have been...