The spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused school closures in most countries, affecting over 90% of the world’s student population. School closures can widen learning inequalities and disproportionately hurt vulnerable students. We collected data on the exam scores of...

This study examines whether competitive experience affects gender difference in the economic preference and academic performance. By utilizing the provincial differences in college admission rates as an indication of competitive experience for students, we assess the effects on risk preference,...

Although air quality deteriorates every year and millions of lives are put at risk, the determinants of individual attitudes toward environmental pollution remain obscure. We propose a hypothesis whereby the current day’s air quality affects attitudes toward environmental pollution. In the...

The spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused school closures in most countries, affecting over 90% of the world’s student population. School closures can widen learning inequalities and disproportionately hurt vulnerable students. We collected data on the exam scores of...

This paper examines how female and male examination performance are differentially affected by the degree of competitive pressure faced. Our setting is China's National College Entrance Exam (Gaokao) which is widely regarded as the world's most competitive exam. We show that compared to male...

This paper investigates the effect of work interruption on workers' subsequent productivity. We employ a data set of individual productivity and machine conditions, in which each worker faces the chance, on a daily basis, that her machine will break down randomly. Our analysis finds that...

The spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused school closures in most countries, affecting over 90% of the worlds student population. School closures can widen learning inequalities and disproportionately hurt vulnerable students. We collected data on the exam scores of university...