In this paper we look at the effects of immigration and trade with Eastern Europe on unemployment in Austria. Using … unemployment spells as a result of increased immigration. Increased trade with Central and East European Countries (CEECs) seems to … from trade with the rest of the world, where export increases have an unemployment reducing effect. …

opportunities differ across workers determine simultaneously the long-run level of employment and the long-run rate of growth. We … rates but not necessarily less employment. The effects of redistributive policy measures among workers depend on the form of … redistribution. Subsidization of education increases employment and growth. Redistribution through the tax and benefit system or …