Tough times are expected in the year(s) to come, but focusing entirely on public and private budget cuts is not a politically sustainable policy. On top of its direct impoverishing impact, austerity has an indirect impact, which is very corrosive in the long run for consumers. It induces...

This paper uses a theoretically grounded model of international trade to estimate the cross-border tradability of services. The resulting indices cover up to 99 countries and ten sectors. The results show that information and communications technology capital and legal institutions are...

This paper is the first one to show the effects of services regulations on downstream firms in the goods and services sectors in a multiple-country setting using firm-level data. The study selected a group of countries that are economically relatively services-oriented and show varying degrees...

This paper analyzes whether and to what extent determinants of comparative advantage have explanatory power for conventional services trade. It assesses the geographical, Heckscher‐Ohlin and institutional determinants of services trade based on the literature for goods trade. Moreover, this...

What determines services TFP: Is it services trade or services‐trade regulation? To respond to this question I use four indicators of international trade in services since 1990 to 2005 – namely FDI inward stock, services imports, domestic sales of foreign affiliates (FATS) and FDI inflows...

This paper uses a theoretically grounded model of international trade to estimate the cross-border tradability of services. The resulting indices cover up to 99 countries and ten sectors. The results show that information and communications technology capital and legal institutions are...

This paper analyzes whether and to what extent determinants of comparative advantage have explanatory power for conventional services trade. It assesses the geographical, Heckscher-Ohlin and institutional determinants of services trade based on the literature for goods trade. Moreover, this...

What determines services TFP growth: Is it services trade or services-trade regulation? To respond to this question I use four indicators of international trade in services since 1990 – namely FDI inward stock, services imports, domestic sales of foreign affiliates (FATS) and FDI inflows –...

Novel flows that define the future of globalizationrequire new regulatory approaches,which are likely to differ between countries.So too for regulatory approaches topersonal data.Globally, there are three different regulatorymodels for personal data: the modelapplied by the US, based on an...