This paper proposes a historically-grounded mechanism-design model of corporate finance, with two-side risk aversion under limited contract enforceability, where (inside) equity held by entrepreneurs, debt and (outside) equity coexist. This capital structure shares optimally the...

The property catastrophe reinsurance industry faces a major challenge. Since 1989, climatic volatility has produced unprecedented insured losses of $43 billion, $18 billion of which were from Hurricane Andrew alone. A surge of insurer defaults and dramatic changes in capacity and pricing have...

In 2003, Swiss Re introduced a mortality-based security designed to hedge excessive mortality changes for its life book of business. The concern was apparently brevity risk, i.e., the risk of premature death. The brevity risk due to a pandemic is similar to the property risk associated with...

Every day insurance companies face a number of risks arising from the insurance industry itself, as well as risks arising from insurance company operations. In this constant fight against risks insurance companies use different models and methods that help them better understand, have a more...

Most countries in the world are suffering from natural disasters caused by floods, earthquake, tornado and even tsunami. The developed countries have efficient techniques of covering such tragic events, but also the damages and losses are huge. A delicate problem appears when the catastrophes...

The maritime oil transport is regulated by the 1992 Civil Liability Convention for Oil Damage and the 1992 Oil Pollution Compensation Fund. In this compensation regime, contributions of oil firms are based on the aggregate risk of the Fund and are assessed each time an oil spill is registered....

Nowadays worldwide is exposed to terrorism risk. The attacks from September 11th 2001, the incidents from Madrid and London have shown us that even if one have a performant security sistems and preventention measures in place, terrorism risks can not be entirely eliminated. Worldwide economy is...

Insurance companies are a prominent mechanism for risk transfers. Many initiatives are looking toward private–public partnerships and new risk-management instruments to provide a cushion for climate change-related effects. For this aspiration to be fulfilled, insurers and institutions within...

In the new context of globalization, it is apparent the growth of insurances industry. The insurance world is continuously changing. New insurance types come into sight, while the old ones are constantly revised. Most of the developed countries turned the insurance industry into a motor...

Mathematical models applied in the insurance field, represent an ongoing concern for people that work in actuarial departments, serving this way fundamental informations to their managers when they have to adopt economic decisions. This work approaches a synthetic manner both mathematical models...