The evaluation of risks discharges very often into subjective assessments of the probabilityof occurrence and / or the extent of loss. These assessments show a low transparency concerningthe development of the judgements and are influenced by various different cognitiveeffects hindering the...

New public governance emphasizes less state, more market and more hierarchy as the cornerstones for effective steering of higher education institutions. Based on an explorative analysis of qualitative and quantitative data of fourteen German and European economics departments, we investigate the...

This paper studies organizations with autocratic decisionmaking.

One can be independent, or subject to decisions made by others. This paper empirically tests whether individuals attach an intrinsic value to the institutional difference between independence and hierarchy ...

... The purpose of this article is to examine the extent to which German MNCs are characterized by such transnational forms of configuration and coordination, how these two instruments are linked together, and how their application is influenced by situational conditions ...

With adverse selection, diseconomies of scale associated with hierarchies may induce the implementation of a second-best technology. This occurs whenever rents to lower tiers of the hierarchy increase faster than total surplus. This is more likely with longer hierarchies.

In this paper we present a modelling framework for portfolio credit risk which incorporates the dependence between risk-free interest-rates and the default loss process. The contribution in this approach is that - besides the traditional diffusion based covariation between loss intensities and...

The past decades witnessed a broad trend towards flatter organizations with lesshierarchical layers. A reduction of the number of management levels in a corporationcan have both positive and negative effects on firm performance with the neteffect being theoretically unclear ex ante. The present...

This paper examines hierarchies’ role in the organization of human-capital-intensive productionWe develop an equilibrium model of hierarchical organization, then provide empirical evidenceusing confidential data on thousands of law offices from the 1992 Census of Services. We showhow the...

Garicano and Rossi-Hansberg (2003) show that knowledge-based hierarchies arecharacterized by positive sorting between workers and managers when knowledgeacquisition takes place before production. We extend the analysis and find thatcomplementarities between manager and worker skill are even...