Mit der Arbeit wird der Versuch unternommen, den Zusammenhängen von Biographie- und individuellen Lernprozessen nachzugehen. Dies erfolgt am Beispiel von acht ostdeutschen ExistenzgründerInnen, die sich nach der Wende in den neuen Bundesländern im Lebensmitteleinzelhandel selbständig gemacht...

ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The retail environment in South Africa is dynamic and complex. The apparel retailing industryfunctions within an emergent economic milieu, and the consumers it targets are exposed to variousfactors that influence their shopping behaviour. Some of these factors are shopping...

This thesis explores the barriers/constraints that the SMME may experience whilst attempting to recover their skills levies from the wholesale and retail SETA (W&RSETA).Skills development legislation was introduced in South Africa to address the previous disparities in education and training....

Human Resource Management (HR) as is known today is argued to have started as an approach which took naissance early in the 1900s from both the scientific management approach and the human relation approach (Grobler, Warnish, and Hatfield, 2002:5). These two approaches were considered at the...

The concept of Small Medium and Micro Enterprises (SMMEs) was created and implemented by the South African Government in an attempt to improve the economy of South Africa, reducing the unemployment rate and eliminating poverty. As a basic objective, SMMEs strive toward sustainability, however in...

There is common theme within the literature that a store represents the tangible andintangible values of the company's commercial and retail organisational philosophy. Given this, it could be considered as a brand, with all the associated competitive advantages that correspond to this entity....

The decline of shopping streets and the rise of shopping malls have been major trends in European retailing for decades. So far, research has failed to investigate this shift of agglomeration format (AF) patronage from a marketing perspective, including the consumers’ point of view. This paper...

Purpose – Explores the retail internationalisation activities of consumer co-operatives. Findings – A survey of the available information on these internationalisation activities shows that they have been restricted to a relatively small number of co-operatives and that the ‘failure’...

Retail and service enterprises seek benefits and synergies from locating their stores within retail agglomerations, such as shopping streets and malls. The aim of this paper is to identify the main drivers of such synergetic or ‘agglomeration effects’ for tenants. A literature review reveals...

The debate over the effects of big box retail on smaller communities is one of the most contentious topics of public planning discourse. Many feel that these large retailers, such as Home Depot, Target, K-Mart, Lowes, Barnes and Noble, and of course the big box king, Wal-Mart, are harmful to...