upgrading of systems of innovation in late-industrialising countries. This study looks specifically at TNC-affiliierter in … system of innovation. Based on postal firm surveys of more than 2,000 firms and additional personal interviews, the empirical … national system of innovation by transferring embodied (e.g. machinery) and disembodied (e.g. patents) technology as well as …

average construction costs for two building types in two groups of EU countries, one using the euro, the other using their … individual national currencies, were gathered. These costs were converted to euros where necessary using two kinds of purchasing … power parities, adjusted for inflation and brought to a common base date. The dispersion of these costs was analysed using …

ENGLISH ABSTRACT: By understanding the costs of HIV/AIDS, businesses can understand the incentives for preventing and …/AIDS prevalence rates and related costs in different sectors in South Africa. With an HIV prevalence ratio of approximately 10:1 for … different sectors, and the information above regarding the difference in HIV/AIDS-related costs for different skill levels, it …

. Performance was assessed by the level of competition (using Hirschman-Herfindahl index), marketing margins and marketing costs … marketing costs for marketing maize and fertilizer, as envisaged by proponents of market liberalisation. Both marketing margins … and costs decrease with increasing trader size signifying economies of scale enjoyed by large traders. Place of purchase …