This paper examines the linkages among agricultural total factor productivity, farm size, and farm household participation in the off-farm labor market for the Southeastern states for the period 1960-1996. We find evidence of a simultaneous relationship between productivity and measures of farm...

Do first-mover advantages exist for public policy? The theory of the first-mover advantage has been well studied in organization theory and marketing science. It is generally accepted that first-mover firms have multiple benefits such as technological leadership, asset preemption, and heightened...

This study examines U.S. university inventors as dynamic actors in the evolution of scientific research collaboration. At the epicenter of the real world processes that translate university research into usable technologies, university inventors play an important role in shaping the complex...

Human capital has become a central element in the innovation debate, but in the discourse on international mobility, Eastern European "catching-up countries" are usually afflicted with a brain drain that is inconsistent with their economic development. The case study of Estonia shows that to...

‘Activities’ in innovation systems are the determinants of the development and diffusion of innovations. (Examples are R&D, provision of organizations and institutions, financing of innovations, incubation, etc.) These activities are partly performed by private organizations and partly by...

China has been characterised by extremely high rates of economic growth for the last several decades. This growth originates from a transformation of the institutional set up giving more room for regional initiative, private ownership and use of market mechanisms. Regional political resources...

Statistical indicators have not kept pace with innovation research. Today, it is well understood that many industrial and consumer products are developed by users, and that many innovations developed at private cost are freely shared. New statistical indicators will empower policymakers to take...

Inducement prizes-where cash rewards are given to motivate the attainment of targets--have been long used to encourage scientific research, develop technological innovations, or stimulate individuals, groups, and communities to accomplish diverse goals. Lately, prizes have increasingly attracted...

This paper assesses the structure and functioning of the U.S. federal government's innovation policy, focusing on those programs that are designed to promote commercial innovation. Using economic and political theory, institutional analysis, program data, and comparisons with innovation policies...

In the early 1980s, developments in federal innovation policy sought to maximize the returns to the government's substantial investment. Legislation such as Bayh-Dole in 1980 and the creation of the Small Business Innovation Research Program in 1982, encouraged the private-sector...