Cartels are agreements or concerted practices between two or more competitors aimed at coordinating their competitive … practices are among the most serious violations of Article 81 EC. The amount of international cartels is constantly growing. The … members of cartels create sophisticated schemes, hold meetings in hotels and use pre-paid phone – cards. All these facts makes …

power of intermediaries increases with the advent of new and powerful actors, (b) process activities that cartels previously … constraints, no longer favour cartels like De Beers, and (e) over time, these and additional environment factors are forcing … actors like De Beers who perform rigid process activities to become more flexible. For example,forces are moving cartels …

Several major websites offer hybrid auctions that allow advertisers tobid on a per-impression or a per-click basis. We … auctions, and (c) should consider advertisers'strategic incentives when forming click-through rate expectations inhybrid …

auctions. In this paper we examine this tradeoff between the auctioneers’ desire to expand their customer base and the bidders …