Increasing health care costs is an international problem from which SouthAfrica is not excluded. Prescription medication contributes most to these high health care costs,and methods to reduce their costs to society are implemented worldwide. In South Africa, sucha method is a managed care...

The most frequent intervention performed by physicians is the writing of a prescription. Modern medicine has been remarkably effective in managing diseases. Medicines play a fundamentalrole in the effectiveness, efficiency and responsiveness of health care systems. However,health care...

This paper describes an empirical study aimed at ranking prequalification criteria on the basis of perceived total benefit-cost to stakeholders. A postal questionnaire was distributed to 100 client and contractor organizations in Australia in 1997. 48 responses were analyzed for scores on 38...

Electric utilities in Australia have been developing policies to stimulate interest and permit the purchase of electricity generated by renewable energy sources such as photovoltaic systems (PV). Studies show that under current conditions, it is technically feasible to introduce small-scale,...

Public awareness and the nature of highway construction works demand that sustainability measures are first on the development agenda. However, in the current economic climate, individual volition and enthusiasm for such high capital investments do not present as strong cases for decision making...

"Time is money," or so goes the old saying. Perhaps, influenced by this aphorism, some strategies for incorporating costs in the analysis of software design express all costs in currency units for reasons of simplicity and tractability. Indeed, in theoretical economics all costs can, in...

This paper presents an exploratory study for identification and quantification of the economic benefits or implications associated with wing cost variations. A hierarchical cost model structure is used to determine life cycle effects of design and manufacturing alternatives for the major...

This paper reports on research that integrates cost modeling and business simulation into conceptual design environments for advanced launch vehicle programs. A new design-oriented computer tool has been developed and used that is capable of using price-elastic market estimates, price...

This thesis investigates several selected environmental issues in China from an economic perspective. It consists of four self-contained papers. Chapters 2-4 address the issues related to water shortage, while Chapter 5 focuses on the cost of air pollution. Chapter 2 analyses the potential...