This paper incorporates hierarchical structure into the neoclassical theory of the firm. Firms are hierarchical in two respects: the organization of workers in production and the wage structure. The firm's hierarchy is represented as a sector of a circle, where the radius represents the...

Much of the endogenous growth literature has dwelled on evaluating the spillover effects of trade on growth, but much less efforts have been directed towards tracing and quantifying the spillover effects of foreign investments. This paper, in incorporating the effects of various types of foreign...

This study measures the effect of changes in net housing and financial wealth on household consumption. The link between consumption, income and net wealth is measured within a Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares and a Dynamic Generalised Least Squares framework for the period Q2:1988-Q1:2003. It is...

This paper examines the determinants of technological catching-up across 63 countries over the period 1982-2000. A two-stage empirical approach is adopted. In the first stage, the technological divide between individual countries and the global frontier, known as the metafrontier ratio (MFR), is...

Objective We propose a new method to measure health inequalities caused by conditions amenable to policy intervention and use this to identify health differences between sexes and age groups.Methods The lowest observed mortality rates are used as a proxy of unavoidable mortality risks to develop...

There are two main types of data sources of income distributions in China: household survey data and grouped data. Household survey data are typically available for isolated years and individual provinces. In comparison, aggregate or grouped data are typically available more frequently and...

China's economic growth rates since reforms were introduced in 1979 have been impressive. In the past six years, for example, China's annual average growth rate was 9%. In the real estate sector, investment revenues increased by an average of 27% in each year. However, a recent People's Bank of...