This paper studies how frictions in the patent market inhibit economic growth. I document that the patent market is considerably less developed in China than in the US. To understand this fact, I build a growth model incorporating three frictions in the patent market—search costs, fixed...

This paper studies how frictions in the patent market inhibit economic growth. I document that the patent market is considerably less developed in China than in the US. To understand this fact, I build a growth model incorporating three frictions in the patent market—search costs, fixed...

Innovation is at the core of fourth industrial revolution which is already under way. Both Sustainable growth and development depend on technological innovation. Traditional economic models/theories are now undermined because of new technologies like AI, automation,3D printing, robotics etc....

The aim of this paper is to produce a comprehensive summary of the digital startup ecosystem of Bangladesh. A cross-country analysis focusing on the digital performance of Bangladesh relative to its neighbors as well as the best and the worst performing countries in the world reveals that in...

The aim of this paper is to produce a comprehensive summary of the digital startup ecosystem of Bangladesh. A cross-country analysis focusing on the digital performance of Bangladesh relative to its neighbors as well as the best and the worst performing countries in the world reveals that in...

Network and graph model is a good alternative to analyze huge collective textual data for the ability to reduce the dimensionality of the data. Texts can be seen as syntactic and semantic network among words and phrases seen as concepts. The model is implemented to observe the proposals of...

Innovations in the biopharmaceutical sector are heavily dependent on knowledge/technology transfer relationships between academic research and industrial actors (firms). The South African biopharmaceuticals sector is characterized by a paradox whereby on one hand the country possesses a robust...

Servicification in global value chains (GVCs) in emerging and developing Asian economies has become a trend recently. However, there have been no scientific studies to elucidate the mechanism of servicification in GVCs. To fill this missing gap, this study aims at investigating the involvement...

We quantify the economic costs of air pollution associated with drug expenditures. First, following a 1% increase in the annual average of PM2.5, the combined expenditures on respiratory, cardiovascular, and antitumor drugs are predicted to rise by an amount equivalent to 1.81% of the annual per...

This research uses mapped urbanization, PESTEL analysis, Smart City projects, and socioeconomic impacts to analyze the MENA region’s outlook on smart mobility. Countries in the MENA region are implementing large-scale smart mobility projects to combat modern urbanization challenges such as...