Before wage-pushfulness can be empirically related to the organizational structure of trade unions, the framework …, unemployment and the policy choices of the political authorities create incentives and constraints which shape union responses. The …

, immigration, unemployment, equalizing differences, and institutions in the labor market. There is particular emphasis on the …

The development in the labour market, unemployment, the lack of job opportunities and the adjoining migration of the …

given to the unemployment rate. While several of the most recent models of unemployment show that the aggregate unemployment … rate in Australia does indeed behave differently during periods of low and high unemployment, none can explain what drives … the unemployment rate to increase at such a rapid rate and what contributes to its much slower decrease. Another central …

of the few private sector service industries with significant union membership (Griffin et al 2003). The relevant unions … largest and largest unions in the UK and Australia respectively. However, despite this seeming numerical strength in … of the study is that any extension of representation and organisation by unions in the retail sector is valuable socially …

and regional unemployment, I use economist Albert Hirschman’s theory of exit, voice and loyalty to see if “voice … are used in programs operating in a high-unemployment compared to a lowunemployment environment. What, if any, is the …

by the union. We demonstrate that ESOPs create incentives for unions to become weaker bargainers. As a result, the model …