This paper is concerned with the determinants of international steam-coal trade. Most work in projecting coal trade has …-equilibrium models. Unfortunately, the competitive model of trade does not appear to account for observed and anticipated trade flows …. This is consistent with findings in the commodity trade literature that, although markets may behave in a rational economic …

costs of domestic maize trade in Malawi. The evidence indicates that markets are particularly well integrated during food … during food shortages that make trade economically unattractive. Market integration develops markedly different between … regions and districts: various districts in the south show signs of barriers to trade while districts in the north suffer from …

homogeneous and can be used as trade barriers against competition. Philosophical differences between the European Union and the … this paper we discuss the issues behind the dispute, the World Trade Organization (WTO) panel decision, and the EU response …

.----------------------------------------------This paper studies the beef production chain (BPC) in Brazil, under the focus of foreign trade. Its conceptual basis is the study … events and changes occurred, since the 1970's in the Brazilian BPC, as well as the trade and sanitation barriers which … trade, the chain still needs to advance and overcome many barriers for the future. It also needs to consolidate its capital …

are very different. The US has few restrictions on production and trade in GM food products and no costly labelling … their consequences are for income distribution and trade in farm products, and (c) what it means for the GM policies and … model to estimate the extent of the trade, national welfare and income distributional effects of the actual policy choices …

than costs, involves lowering coal subsidies and trade barriers. Past coal policies which encouraged excessive production …

oil stocks, demand, and trade in OECD countries. World oil production and OECD demand data are for the years 1970 through … 1992; OECD stocks from 1973 through 1992; and OECD trade from 1982 through 1992. Data for the United States are developed … published sources including International Energy Agency publications, the EIA International Energy Annual, and the trade press …