Confounding is a major issue in observational epidemiological studies. This paper describes two postestimation commands … for assessing confounding effects. One command (confall) displays and plots all possible effect estimates against one of p …

section reviews EC policies on sustainability in transport and logistics. The main part of the analysis concentrates on the …

assumed to be symmetric in the sense, that regions are of the same size and transport costs and expenditure shares are the … same. As a result, the models can explain why an agglomeration occurs, but not in witch region.This book modifies three of … difference in wages between east and west and the simultaneous incomplete agglomeration in the west. …

. Our work suggests replacing“either-or” views of causality with a positive feedback loopconceptualization in which …

causality and behavior of a system in a common object-oriented analysis model, surety analysts can make the assumptions that …

nodes representing random variables and directed edges indicating causality between variables. Each node has a probability …

different countries within the Asian region using the Granger causality. The empirical evidence, in this paper, does not find …

there is any subpopulation for which a program or treatment has a nonzero average effect, or whether there is heterogeneity … covariates is identical for all subpopulations, in other words, that there is no heterogeneity in average treatment effects by …