International actors and factors, including multinational companies, have constrained and influenced local decision-making on the structure of water systems in Europe since 1990. The EU itself has exercised a major influence through environmental directives, fiscal policies associated with...

The article examines the expansion of private water companies since 1989 the withdrawal from developing countries from 2003 onwards, and the economic impact of privatisation. The analysis is set in the context of the historical development of water services in the north and the south, showing...

PSI has commissioned this paper in order to help unions develop coordinated strategies to protect their members’ rights and interests. In the energy sector, there are many developments that unions must consider as they plan for the next few years. The most important trend is the complex and...

Based on empirical evidence, the article looks at the implications of private sector participation (PSP) for the delivery of water supply and sanitation to the urban and peri-urban poor in developing countries, with particular reference to Africa and Latin America. More precisely, the article...

This chapter draws on research carried out under the Energywatch funded project “Essential Services for low-income consumers: Limits of competition in provision of essential services to low-income consumers”. The project was conducted by a group led by the Public Services International...