of NOx control policies and who bears the costs, and (c) the cost-effectiveness of a seasonal and an annual NOx cap in … the SIP Call region. We find that without the NOx cap, nationwide restructuring leads to higher NOx and carbon emissions … from the electricity sector. Adding either a seasonal or an annual NOx cap-and-trade regime in the eastern United States …

the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA). The study was sponsored by the Biomass Program of the Assistant … system. ETP was updated for this study with biomass resource data and biofuel production technology cost and performance data …

electrification, and the ability to switch to a low-carbon fuel becomes key. Cogeneration of heat and power using biomass may also …

ofestablishing baselines and project C-stock changes. Since the area haslow or insignificant biomass, leakage is not an issue. The …

closed-loop biomass resources. Proposed expansions would make the credit available to geothermal and solar energy projects …

biomass supply curves, and revising assumptions for use of landfill gas from municipal solid waste (MSW). In addition, the RFM … market limitations increasing costs as more and more of the overall resource is used. Biomass supply curves were also …

transmission systems into more regional transmission networks, which ultimately will allow biomass companies to transmit power over … exchanges, however, biomass companies will likely face even more competitive market pressures. Few operators have experience … for most biomass companies to compete against. Without policy measures, biomass companies may have to pursue strategic …

-loop biomass, closed-loop biomass, geothermal, and landfill gas projects. Section 4 discusses a number of qualitative …