This article considers two tourism supply chains (TSCs). Each TSC is assumed to consists of three sectors with the following service providers - a theme park operator, accommodation providers, and tour operators. Game theory is used to investigate the cooperation and competition between these...

This paper considers a tourism supply chain (TSC) for package holidays. Three sectors are included: a theme park, hotel and accommodation providers and tour operators. The different sectors are coordinated with each other, while enterprises within each compete in order to optimize their own...

Background: In this paper we propose the use of the within-subject coefficient of variation as an index of a measurement's reliability. For continuous variables and based on its maximum likelihood estimation we derive a variance-stabilizing transformation and discuss confidence interval...

Registration of births, recording deaths by age, sex and cause, and calculating mortality levels and differentials are fundamental to evidence-based health policy, monitoring and evaluation. Yet few of the countries with the greatest need for these data have functioning systems to produce them...

Numerous studies have documented the application of crash severity models to explore the relationship between crash severity and its contributing factors. These studies have shown that a large amount of work was conducted on this topic and usually focused on different types of models. However,...

This research develops a framework to estimate the effective sample size of Global Positioning System (GPS) based panel surveys in urban travel behavior studies for a variety of planning purposes. Recent advances in GPS monitoring technologies have made it possible to implement panel surveys...

Background Reliable information on causes of death is a fundamental component of health development strategies, yet globally only about one-third of countries have access to such information. For countries currently without adequate mortality reporting systems there are useful models other than...

In many community-based surveys, multi-level sampling is inherent inthe design. In the design of these studies, especially to calculate theappropriate sample size, investigators need good estimates ofintra-class correlation coefficient (ICC), along with the cluster size,to adjust for variation...

In many practical situations, we are not satisfied with the accuracy of the existing measurements. There are two possible ways to improve the measurement accuracy:first, instead of a single measurement, we can make repeated measurements; the additional information coming from these additional...

Most quantitative research is conducted by randomly selecting members of a population on which to conduct a study. When statistics are run on a sample, and not the entire population of interest, they are subject to a certain amount of error. Many factors can impact the amount of error, or bias,...